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Prevalence of hypertension worldwide is high. Low salt and increase potassium intake had proved to improve blood pressure (BP) control. These multiphases studies aim to develop a complex interventional bundle for salt reduction and increase potassium intake among the attendees in UMMC.
The study consists of five parts which include conducting a systematic review of studies that evaluate the effectiveness of salt reduction interventions and their cost-effectiveness. Part 2 is to assessing participants’ knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding salt and potassium consumption using a locally validated questionnaire. The assessment will include patients, caregivers, staff, healthcare providers, and medical students at UMMC. Part 3 by performing a baseline analysis of sodium and potassium levels in vendor-provided menus using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and served as a monitoring baseline for the audit purposes. Part 4 is to engaging stakeholders to identify barriers and facilitators in reducing salt and increasing potassium in their food offerings, guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Last phase is to adapting complex interventions using the ADAPT process model and conducting a feasibility study
The anticipated outcomes or returns on investment from these studies include establishing a healthy eating environment throughout the hospital, increasing awareness and education, enhancing overall blood pressure control, supporting and influencing national policies, and fostering partnerships across various industries. Looking ahead, there are plans to expand these comprehensive intervention strategies to other university hospitals in the near future.
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